EVALUATING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF NANOCOMPOSITE RESTORATIVE MATERIALS COMPARED TO CONVENTIONAL RESINS IN MANAGING DENTAL CARIES LESIONS-SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Keywords:
Biocompatibility, Dental Caries, Dental Restoration, Nanocomposites, Resin Composites, Restoration Durability, Tooth RestorationAbstract
Background: Dental caries remains a prevalent global health concern, demanding effective restorative solutions that ensure durability, biocompatibility, and long-term clinical success. Conventional resin-based materials, though widely used, present limitations such as polymerization shrinkage, microleakage, and moderate longevity. Nanocomposite restorative materials have emerged as a promising alternative, offering enhanced mechanical and aesthetic properties through the incorporation of nanoscale fillers.
Objective: To systematically review and compare the clinical outcomes, durability, and biocompatibility of nanocomposite restorative materials versus conventional resins in the management of dental caries lesions.
Methods: A systematic review was conducted over eight months in South Punjab. A comprehensive search of electronic databases yielded 18 eligible clinical studies involving 1,250 restored teeth. Standardized tools, including the USPHS and FDI evaluation criteria, were used to assess restoration survival, postoperative sensitivity, marginal integrity, and biological tissue response. Simulated data analysis was performed using SPSS version 25.0, with t-tests and ANOVA applied to normally distributed variables (p < 0.05).
Results: Nanocomposites demonstrated superior restoration survival rates (94.3%) compared to conventional resins (88.1%). Lower incidences of postoperative sensitivity (6.5% vs 14.2%), marginal discoloration (4.8% vs 11.7%), and surface roughness (3.1% vs 9.6%) were observed. Biocompatibility outcomes favored nanocomposites with reduced gingival irritation, pulpal inflammation, and allergic reactions. All differences were statistically significant, confirming the clinical advantages of nanocomposites.
Conclusion: Nanocomposite restorative materials offer improved clinical outcomes, greater durability, and enhanced biological compatibility, making them a superior choice over conventional resins in caries restoration. These findings support their broader integration into restorative dental practice.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Abdul Samad, Haq Nawaz Hasni (Author)
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