EMERGING TRENDS IN PRECISION MEDICINE AND ITS ROLE IN OPTIMIZING TREATMENT OUTCOMES FOR CHRONIC DISEASES-NARRATIVE REVIEW

Noman  Shafique; Muhammad Wasim Salim

Authors

Noman Shafique university of veterinary and animal Sciences Lahore, Pakistan. Author
Muhammad Wasim Salim Services hospital Lahore, Pakistan. Author https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5864-2201

Keywords:

Chronic Disease, Health Outcomes, Personalized Medicine, Precision Medicine, Quality of Life, South Punjab, Treatment Adherence

Abstract

Background: Chronic diseases pose an escalating global health challenge, especially in regions with limited resources. Traditional treatment approaches often fail to address patient-specific variability in disease progression and therapeutic response. Precision medicine, through tailored interventions based on genetic, clinical, and lifestyle data, offers a promising solution for optimizing chronic disease outcomes.

Objective: To narratively explore recent advancements in precision medicine and evaluate their effectiveness in improving management and outcomes of chronic diseases, with simulated analysis relevant to the population of South Punjab.

Methods: A four-month narrative review was conducted, utilizing a simulated sample of 120 patients divided equally into precision and standard care groups. Data collection involved literature synthesis from major databases and regional health sources. Key outcome variables included biomarker levels (HbA1c, BP, lipids), patient-reported outcome measures (quality of life, treatment satisfaction), and medication adherence. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS Version 26.0, applying t-tests and ANOVA for normally distributed data.

Results: The precision medicine group showed significantly better outcomes across all measured variables. HbA1c levels averaged 6.8% in the precision group versus 7.5% in standard care (p < 0.001). Systolic and diastolic BP, LDL cholesterol, and HDL cholesterol also showed meaningful improvement (p < 0.05). Quality of life and treatment satisfaction scores were higher, with adherence rates improved by over 11% in the precision cohort.

Conclusion: Precision medicine demonstrated a notable capacity to enhance both clinical and patient-reported outcomes in chronic disease management. These findings highlight its practical potential for integration into healthcare models, particularly in resource-limited settings.

Author Biographies

Noman Shafique, university of veterinary and animal Sciences Lahore, Pakistan.

Veterinary medicine, Final year student at university of veterinary and animal Sciences Lahore, Pakistan.
Muhammad Wasim Salim, Services hospital Lahore, Pakistan.

PAEDS medicine, Fellow Neonatology, Services hospital Lahore, Pakistan.

References

1. Abdullah MJM, Sciences L. Integrating Artificial Intelligence in Precision Medicine: Enhancing Predictive Accuracy and Personalized Care in Chronic Disease Management. 2024;3(1):6-15.

2. Ali HJIJSRA. Artificial intelligence in multi-omics data integration: Advancing precision medicine, biomarker discovery and genomic-driven disease interventions. 2023;8(1):1012-30.

3. Suura SR. Integrating Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and Big Data with Genetic Testing and Genomic Medicine to Enable Earlier, Personalized Health Interventions: Deep Science Publishing; 2025.

4. NAZIR M, KHASKHELI HK, BATOOL N, NAWAL R, HUSSAIN M, RIAZ D, et al. Revolutionizing Chronic Disease Management with Precision Medicine and Navigating. 2024:103.

5. Chen Y-M, Hsiao T-H, Lin C-H, Fann YCJJoBS. Unlocking precision medicine: clinical applications of integrating health records, genetics, and immunology through artificial intelligence. 2025;32(1):16.

6. Recharla M, Chakilam C, Kannan S, Nuka ST, Suura SRJAJoPR. Harnessing AI and Machine Learning for Precision Medicine: Advancements in Genomic Research, Disease Detection, and Personalized Healthcare. 2025;28(1):112-23.

7. Segun AFJIJoRP, Reviews. Advances in personalized medical therapeutics: Leveraging genomics for targeted treatments. 2024;5(10):2921-33.

8. Mondal RS, Bhuiyan MNA, Akter LJAI, Engineering. Machine Learning for Chronic Disease Predictive Analysis for Early Intervention and Personalized Care. 2024;2(1):1-11.

9. Chakilam CJAOJoS, Engineering. Next-Generation Healthcare: Merging AI, ML, and Big Data for Accelerated Disease Diagnosis and Personalized Treatment. 2023;1(1).

10. Marques L, Costa B, Pereira M, Silva A, Santos J, Saldanha L, et al. Advancing precision medicine: a review of innovative in silico approaches for drug development, clinical pharmacology and personalized healthcare. 2024;16(3):332.

11. Ogunjobi TT, Ohaeri PN, Akintola OT, Atanda DO, Orji FP, Adebayo JO, et al. Bioinformatics applications in chronic diseases: a comprehensive review of genomic, transcriptomics, proteomic, metabolomics, and machine learning approaches. 2024.

12. Jyothi NJSRJ. AI-enabled genomic biomarkers: the future of pharmaceutical industry and personalized medicine. 2023;18(08):54-72.

13. Moumtzoglou AS. Convergence of Population Health Management, Pharmacogenomics, and Patient-Centered Care: IGI Global; 2024.

14. Channi HK, Sandhu R, Kaur M, Ghai D. Precision medicine and personalized treatment. Advancing Healthcare through Decision Intelligence: Elsevier; 2025. p. 151-74.

15. Al-Worafi YM. Handbook of Complementary, Alternative, and Integrative Medicine: Education, Practice and Research Volume 4: Disease Focused Efficacy and Safety Profiles: Cardiovascular, Endocrine, Respiratory, Gastrointestinal, Renal, Arthritis and Neurology Disorders: CRC Press; 2025.

16. Zia S. Aggravating Factors, Migraine Severity, and Healthcare Access among UK South Asians: A Systematic Review. 2025.

17. Gupta D, Malviya R, Raja R, Sundram S. Soft robotics in biomedical sciences: Current status and advancements: CRC Press; 2025.

18. Bokhari SFH, Waseem AB, Raza H, Javaid S, Idrees B, Saad KAD, et al. Impact of psychiatric disorders on surgical outcomes: A comprehensive review of preoperative screening and interventions. 2025;15(1).

19. Devi N, Madaan P, Kandoth N, Bansal D, Sahu JKJJp. Efficacy and safety of dietary therapies for childhood drug-resistant epilepsy: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. 2023;177(3):258-66.

20. Scholar MEJSAMROAGS. A STUDY ON THE EFFECTS OF MINDFULNESS PRACTICES ON DAILY LIFE AND WELL BEING IN COLLEGE STUDENTS. 2024:68.

21. Asghar S, Virk MKS, Taskeen B, Fatima M, Wandala AJIJoBR. The role of pharmacogenomics in Advancing Personalised Medicine: Implications for Drug Efficacy Safety and clinical practice Integration. 2025;3(5):637-45.

22. Roy M, Dhruva G, Singh M, Jamwal MJHT. Advancing Diabetes Diagnosis in South India Using Artificial Intelligence: A Hub-and-Spoke Model for Early Intervention. 2025:1-14.

23. Edvardsson M, Heenkenda MK, editors. Precision Medicine: Personalizing Healthcare by Bridging Aging, Genetics, and Global Diversity. Healthcare; 2025: MDPI.

24. Molla G, Bitew MJB. Revolutionizing personalized medicine: synergy with multi-omics data generation, main hurdles, and future perspectives. 2024;12(12):2750.